Little TV Addict

• Flucloxacillin – hepatic disorder, hepatitis can occur even after Tx stopped
• Co-amoxiclav – cholestatic jaundice, >common over 65yrs, tx should not be > 14 days
• Tobramycin (nebs) – use other inhalers first, then tobramycin nebs, monitor bronchospasm, can cause severe haemoptysis
• Telithromycin - 1. hepatic disorder – dark urine, jaundice, N+V, 2. driving – visual disturbance, loss of consciousness, so admin at bedtime
• Clindamycin - diarrhoa – fatal, discontinue if diarrhoa develops
• Chloramphenicol – blood disorders
• Daptomycin – muscle effects
• Linezolid – 1. blood disorders 2. optic neuropathy 3. it is a reversible MAO i, avoid large amount of tyramine food, avoid concomitant MAOi, TCA, SSRI
• Co-trimoxazole – use for acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and UTI with good reasons, can cause blood disorders, bone marrow supp, agranulocytosis
• Trimethoprim – blood disorders
• Isoniazid – hepatic disorder, peripheral neuropathy (give pyridoxine)
• Pyrazinamide – hepatic disorder
• Rifampicin – hepatic disorder, discolouration of soft contact lense, extra contraceptive measures
• Ethambutol – visual disturbances
• Ciprofloxacin – not for children due to arthropathy, tendonitis – concomitant use of corticosteroid increases risk
• Amphotericin – anaphylaxis reaction with IV, test dose
• Itraconazole – hepatotoxicity and heart failure – cautious
• Ketoconazole – hepatotoxicity
• Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor – Lactic acidosis in hepato impairment, pancreatitis – i.e. Didanosine
• Abacavir – hypersensitivity
• Protease inhibitor – hyperglycaemia, cautious with diabetes
• Non-nucleoside RTI – Rash and Psychiatric problems

Extra Bits

Strains – staphylococcus, and pseudomonas aer

Staphylococcus – gram +ve, normally affects skin and nose
Staph Aureus – boils, impetigo, pimples, cellulitis
More serious infections – pneumonia, meningitis, endocarditis
Tx – Penicillin, but due to increase resistance, Flucloxacillin is 1st line

Pseudomonas aeruginosa – gram -ve, UTI, GI, Lungs
Resistant - penicillin and B-lactam Abx
Tx - quinolones, antipseud penicillin, aminoglycosides, cephalosporin

Broad Spectrum Abx

• Penicillin – ampicillin, amoxicillin
• Cephalosporin
• Chloramphenicol
• Tetracyclines
• Macrolides
• Aminoglycosides
• Carbemenems

Misc

• Aztreonam (beta-lactam) - Only active against Gram -ve , less likely to cause hypersensitivity in penicillin sensitive patients
• Polymyxins – Active against Gram -ve , can cause nephro and neurotox
• Linezolid – Only active against Gram +ve  – MRSA, alternative to vancomycin
• Clindamycin – Only active against Gram +ve, active against anaerobes, joints and bones infection
• Metronidazole – Active against anaerobes
• Aminoglycosides – Inactive against anaerobes
• Fusidic Acid – Narrow Spectrum – joints and bones infection